Fig. 5

Multi-omics data integration of biosample collected at 3 months of life. The fecal microbiota, fecal metabolomic, and plasma metabolomic profiles measured at 3 months were integrated using DIABLO. Good classification performance was obtained (classification error rate = 0.20), and it was possible to observe that infants from the Reference group were clustering apart from the Test and Control groups. Circos plot highlighted correlation (r > 0.6) between variables from the different omics blocks. Enterococcaceae and Enterococcus, which were most abundant in Control infants, negatively correlated with plasma triglycerides (TG) and fecal ceramides (Cer), while Bacteroida, Bacteroidales, Bacteroidaceae, and Bacteroides, which were most abundant in Reference infants, negatively correlated with several fecal hexosylceramides (HexCer) and Cer and plasma phosphatidylcholines (PC). FA, fatty acids; Hex2 Cer, dihexosylceramides; lysoPC, lysophosphatidylcholines; SM, sphingomyelins