Fig. 2

CMC altered gut microbiota in mice with AP. a Alpha diversity (based on Chao1). b PCoA of beta diversity using unweighted unifrac distance. Relative abundance of taxa at the phylum (c), and genus (d) levels. e The Sankey chart presents the family and genus level pattern of change in gut microbiota between the PW + CAE and CMC + CAE groups. f Cladograms generated by LEfSe indicating differences in the bacterial taxa between PW + CAE and CMC + CAE group. g LDA score for the bacterial taxa differentially abundant between PW + CAE and CMC + CAE groups (LDA > 4.0). h Boxplot of difference analysis at species level (Top 10). i Relative abundance of those potentially pathogenic bacteria. n = 8. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001****p < 0.0001. CMC, carboxymethylcellulose; AP, acute pancreatitis; PW, pure water; CAE, caerulein; PCoA, principal coordinate analysis; LDA, linear discriminant analysis; LEfSe, linear discriminant analysis effect size