Fig. 6
Seed-associated microbiomes promote Astragalus seed germination and plant growth. a Effects of inoculation of growth-promoting bacteria on Astragalus seed germination (germination rate, germination force, germination index, and seed vigor). b Effects of inoculation of growth-promoting bacteria on Astragalus plant growth (plant height, root length, overground weight, and underground weight). According to Tukey’s HSD test, different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). c Impact of inoculated strains on Astragalus growth