Fig. 6

Dietary supplementation of ANA powder and coated sodium butyrate promotes bone development during sexual maturity. A Micro-CT images of cortical bone (Cb), trabecular bone (Tb), and medullary bone (Mb) in femurs from control group, ANA group (dietary supplementation of Anaerostipes caccae CML199 powder), and CSB group (dietary supplementation of coated sodium butyrate). B–E Quantification of cortical bone volume (Cb. BV) (B), cortical bone thickness (Cb. Th) (C ), cortical bone mineral content (Cb. BMC) (D), and cortical bone mineral density (Cb. BMD) (E). F–J Quantification of the trabecular bone BV/TV (Tb. BV/TV) (F), trabecular bone BS/TV (Tb. BS/TV) (G), trabecular bone mineral density (Tb. BMD) (H), trabecular bone mineral content (Tb. BMC) (I), and trabecular bone thickness (Tb. Th) (J). K‒ M Quantification of the medullary bone BV/TV (Mb. BV/TV) (K), medullary bone mineral content (Mb. BMC) (L), and medullary bone density (Mb. BMD) (M). N–Q Measurement of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the femur (N), serum osteocalcin (OCN) (O), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in the femur (P), and serum C-terminal telopeptide-I (CTX-I) ( Q). Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 9–10 per group). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001