Fig. 4

Gene density (GD) of cellulases (A) and hemicellulases (B) in the termite-associated MAGs of different bacterial phyla, and the relationships between the respective GDs and the relative abundance (RA) of the MAGs in the metagenomes of lower termites and higher termites (C, D). The number of (hemi)cellulolytic genes of a given MAG is normalized by its total number of predicted genes and expressed as percentages. Statistical tests were performed both globally and pairwise, against the mean values (dashed line). Significance values: ns = non-significant; * ≤ 0.05; ** ≤ 0.01; *** ≤ 0.001; **** ≤ 0.0001. Linear regressions are shown for all phyla but a positive correlation (Spearman ϱ > 0.1 and p < 0.05) was present only for LT-associated MAGs of Bacteroidota and HT-associated MAGs of Fibrobacterota, Bacteroidota, Spirochaetota, Bacillota and Actinomycetota