Fig. 3

Dipropyl disulfide mediates the interaction between potato-onionand tomato plants. A Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry chromatograms of VOCs emitted by tomato and potato-onion plants. B Schematic representation of the chamber system used to test the effect of dipropyl disulfide on tomato plant performance. Tomato plants were treated with dipropyl disulfide (+ DDS) or not (− DDS). C Effect of dipropyl disulfide on tomato plant dry biomass. Values shown above the horizontal bars indicate the increased (%) in plant dry biomass of treatments exposed to dipropyl disulfide. D PCoA of bacterial communities based on the Bray–Curtis distances at the OTU level. E Relative abundance of Pseudomonas and Bacillus spp. determined via amplicon sequencing. F Absolute abundance of Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. determined via quantitative PCR. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 6). P values were determined using Welch’s t tests