Fig. 3

L. pneumophila concentrations in the recirculating lines compared to the influent. L. pneumophila concentration in the recirculating lines compared to the influent. The x-axis reports the temperature setting for the experimental water heater, with the corresponding values for the control and influent plotted for the same time point. The control system remained at 39 °C throughout the experiment. Error bars indicate 95 % confidence intervals on biological replicate samples (n = 2–6)